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Contents
Title and Copyright Information
Preface
Audience
Documentation Accessibility
Related Documentation
Conventions
Command Syntax
Terminology
Accessing Documentation
Changes in This Release for Oracle Database Administrator's Reference
Changes in Oracle Database 12
c
Release 1 (12.1)
1
Administering Oracle Database
1.1
Overview
1.2
Environment Variables
1.2.1
Oracle Database Environment Variables
1.2.2
UNIX Environment Variables
1.2.3
Setting a Common Environment
1.2.4
Setting the System Time Zone
1.3
Initialization Parameters
1.3.1
ASM_DISKSTRING Initialization Parameter
1.3.2
DISK_ASYNCH_IO Initialization Parameter (HP-UX)
1.3.3
PROCESSOR_GROUP_NAME Initialization Parameter
1.4
Managing Diagnostic Data
2
Stopping and Starting Oracle Software
2.1
Stopping and Starting Oracle Processes
2.1.1
Stopping and Starting Oracle Database and Oracle Automatic Storage Management Instances
2.1.1.1
Stopping an Oracle Database or Oracle Automatic Storage Management Instance
2.1.1.2
Restarting an Oracle Database or Oracle Automatic Storage Management Instance
2.1.2
Stopping and Starting Oracle Restart
2.2
Automating Shutdown and Startup
2.2.1
Automating Database Startup and Shutdown on Other Operating Systems
3
Configuring Oracle Database
3.1
Using Configuration Assistants as Standalone Tools
3.1.1
Using Oracle Net Configuration Assistant
3.1.2
Using Oracle Database Upgrade Assistant
3.1.3
Using Oracle Database Configuration Assistant
3.2
Relinking Executables
4
Administering SQL*Plus
4.1
Administering Command-Line SQL*Plus
4.1.1
Using Setup Files
4.1.2
Using the PRODUCT_USER_PROFILE Table
4.1.3
Using Oracle Database Sample Schemas
4.1.4
Installing and Removing SQL*Plus Command-Line Help
4.1.4.1
Installing SQL*Plus Command-Line Help
4.1.4.2
Removing SQL*Plus Command-Line Help
4.2
Using Command-Line SQL*Plus
4.2.1
Using a System Editor from SQL*Plus
4.2.2
Running Operating System Commands from SQL*Plus
4.2.3
Interrupting SQL*Plus
4.2.4
Using the SPOOL Command
4.3
SQL*Plus Restrictions
4.3.1
Resizing Windows
4.3.2
Return Codes
4.3.3
Hiding the Password
5
Configuring Oracle Net Services
5.1
Locating Oracle Net Services Configuration Files
5.2
Using Adapters Utility
5.3
Using Oracle Protocol Support
5.3.1
IPC Protocol Support
5.3.2
TCP/IP Protocol Support
5.3.3
TCP/IP with Secure Sockets Layer Protocol Support
5.4
Setting Up the Listener for TCP/IP or TCP/IP with Secure Sockets Layer
6
Using Oracle Precompilers and the Oracle Call Interface
6.1
Overview of Oracle Precompilers
6.1.1
Precompiler Configuration Files
6.1.2
Relinking Precompiler Executables
6.1.3
Precompiler README Files
6.1.4
Issues Common to All Precompilers
6.1.5
Static and Dynamic Linking
6.1.6
Client Shared and Static Libraries
6.2
Bit-Length Support for Client Applications
6.3
Pro*C/C++ Precompiler
6.3.1
Pro*C/C++ Demonstration Programs
6.3.2
Pro*C/C++ User Programs
6.4
Pro*COBOL Precompiler
6.4.1
Pro*COBOL Environment Variables
6.4.1.1
Micro Focus Server Express COBOL Compiler
6.4.1.2
Acucorp ACUCOBOL-GT COBOL Compiler
6.4.2
Pro*COBOL Oracle Runtime System
6.4.3
Pro*COBOL Demonstration Programs
6.4.4
Pro*COBOL User Programs
6.4.5
FORMAT Precompiler Option
6.5
Pro*FORTRAN Precompiler
6.5.1
Pro*FORTRAN Demonstration Programs
6.5.2
Pro*FORTRAN User Programs
6.6
SQL*Module for ADA
6.6.1
SQL*Module for Ada Demonstration Programs
6.6.2
SQL*Module for Ada User Programs
6.7
OCI and OCCI
6.7.1
OCI and OCCI Demonstration Programs
6.7.2
OCI and OCCI User Programs
6.8
Running Oracle JDBC/OCI Programs with a 64-Bit Driver
6.9
Custom Make Files
6.10
Correcting Undefined Symbols
6.11
Multithreaded Applications
6.12
Using Signal Handlers
6.13
XA Functionality
7
SQL*Loader and PL/SQL Demonstrations
7.1
SQL*Loader Demonstrations
7.2
PL/SQL Demonstrations
7.3
Calling 32-Bit External Procedures from 64-Bit Oracle Database PL/SQL
8
Tuning Oracle Database
8.1
Importance of Tuning
8.2
Operating System Tools
8.2.1
vmstat
8.2.2
sar
8.2.3
iostat
8.2.4
swap, swapinfo, swapon, or lsps
8.2.5
Oracle Solaris Tools
8.2.6
Linux Tools
8.2.7
IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit) Tools
8.2.7.1
Base Operation System Tools
8.2.7.2
Performance Toolbox
8.2.7.3
System Management Interface Tool
8.2.8
HP-UX Tools
8.3
Tuning Memory Management
8.3.1
Allocating Sufficient Swap Space
8.3.2
Controlling Paging
8.3.3
Adjusting Oracle Block Size
8.3.4
Allocating Memory Resource
8.4
Tuning Disk Input-Output
8.4.1
Using Automatic Storage Management
8.4.2
Choosing the Appropriate File System Type
8.5
Monitoring Disk Performance
8.5.1
Monitoring Disk Performance on Other Operating Systems
8.5.2
Using Disk Resync to Monitor Automatic Storage Management Disk Group
8.6
System Global Area
8.6.1
Determining the Size of the SGA
8.6.2
System Resource Verifier Utility
8.6.2.1
Purpose of the sysresv Utility
8.6.2.2
Preconditions for Using sysresv
8.6.2.3
Syntax for sysresv
8.6.2.4
Examples of Using sysresv
8.6.3
Guidelines for Setting Semaphore Parameters
8.6.4
Shared Memory on IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit)
8.7
Tuning the Operating System Buffer Cache
A
Administering Oracle Database on Oracle Solaris
A.1
Oracle Solaris Shared Memory Environment
A.1.1
About Optimized Shared Memory
A.1.2
Checking for Optimized Shared Memory
A.1.3
About ISM and DISM
A.1.4
Checking for ISM or DISM
A.1.5
About the oradism Utility
A.1.6
How Oracle Database Decides Between OSM, ISM and DISM
B
Administering Oracle Database on Linux
B.1
Using HugePages on Linux
B.2
Supporting Asynchronous Input-Output
B.3
Asynchronous Input-Output Support
B.4
Enabling Direct Input-Output Support
B.5
Enabling Simultaneous Multithreading
B.6
Allocating Shared Resources
C
Administering Oracle Database on IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit)
C.1
Memory and Paging
C.1.1
Controlling Buffer-Cache Paging Activity
C.1.2
Tuning the IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit) File Buffer Cache
C.1.3
Allocating Sufficient Paging Space
C.1.4
Controlling Paging
C.1.5
Setting the Database Block Size
C.1.6
Tuning the Log Archive Buffers
C.1.7
Input-Output Buffers and SQL*Loader
C.2
Disk Input-Output Issues
C.2.1
IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit) Logical Volume Manager
C.2.2
Using Journaled File Systems Compared to Raw Logical Volumes
C.2.3
Using Asynchronous Input-Output
C.2.4
Input-Output Slaves
C.2.5
Using the DB_FILE_MULTIBLOCK_READ_COUNT Parameter
C.2.6
Using Write Behind
C.2.7
Tuning Sequential Read Ahead
C.2.8
Tuning Disk Input-Output Pacing
C.2.9
Resilvering with Oracle Database
C.3
CPU Scheduling and Process Priorities
C.3.1
Changing Process Running Time Slice
C.3.2
Using Processor Binding on SMP Systems
C.4
Setting the AIXTHREAD_SCOPE Environment Variable
C.5
Network Information Service external naming support
C.6
Simultaneous Multithreading on IBM AIX on POWER Systems (64-Bit) 5.3
C.7
Configuring IBM JSSE Provider with Oracle JDBC Thin Driver
D
Administering Oracle Database on HP-UX
D.1
HP-UX Shared Memory Segments for an Oracle Instance
D.2
HP-UX SCHED_NOAGE Scheduling Policy
D.2.1
Enabling SCHED_NOAGE for Oracle Database
D.3
Lightweight Timer Implementation
D.4
Asynchronous Input-Output
D.4.1
Granting MLOCK Privilege
D.4.2
Implementing Asynchronous Input-Output
D.4.3
Verifying Asynchronous Input-Output
D.4.3.1
Verifying That HP-UX Asynchronous Driver is Configured for Oracle Database
D.4.3.2
Verifying that Oracle Database is Using Asynchronous Input-Output
D.4.4
Asynchronous Flag in SGA
D.5
Large Memory Allocations and Oracle Database Tuning
D.5.1
Default Large Virtual Memory Page Size
D.5.2
Tuning Recommendations
D.5.3
Tunable Base Page Size
D.6
CPU_COUNT Initialization Parameter and HP-UX Dynamic Processor Reconfiguration
D.7
Network Information Service external naming support
D.8
Activating and Setting Expanded Host Names and Node Names
E
Using Oracle ODBC Driver
E.1
Oracle ODBC Features Not Supported
E.2
Implementation of Data Types
E.3
Limitations on Data Types
E.4
Format of the Connection String for the SQLDriverConnect Function
E.5
Reducing Lock Timeout in a Program
E.6
Linking ODBC Applications
E.7
Obtaining Information About ROWIDs
E.8
ROWIDs in a WHERE Clause
E.9
Enabling Result Sets
E.10
Enabling EXEC Syntax
E.11
Supported Functionality
E.11.1
API Conformance
E.11.2
Implementation of ODBC API Functions
E.11.3
Implementation of the ODBC SQL Syntax
E.11.4
Implementation of Data Types
E.12
Unicode Support
E.12.1
Unicode Support Within the ODBC Environment
E.12.2
Unicode Support in ODBC API
E.12.3
SQLGetData Performance
E.12.4
Unicode Samples
E.13
Performance and Tuning
E.13.1
General ODBC Programming Guidelines
E.13.2
Data Source Configuration Options
E.13.3
DATE and TIMESTAMP Data Types
E.14
Error Messages
F
Database Limits
F.1
Database Limits
G
HugePages
G.1
Overview of HugePages
G.1.1
Tuning SGA With HugePages
G.1.2
Configuring HugePages on Linux
G.1.3
Restrictions for HugePages Configurations
G.1.4
Disabling Transparent HugePages
Index
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